From November 7-20, 1931, the first national congress of the Chinese Soviet Republic was held in Yeping village, Ruijin, Jiangxi province. Mao Zedong, on behalf of the Central Bureau of the Chinese Soviet Republic, delivered a report on political issues at the congress, which was attended by 610 representatives.

The congress elected a 67-member central executive committee and announced the founding of the Provisional Central Government of Chinese Soviet Republic. It adopted a number of acts and laws, including the Outline of Constitution, Land Act and Labor Law, which were drafted by the provisional government.